How to establish a well-functioning guidance system in a complex building structure : Modeling with multi-objective optimization
Abstract
Wayfinding is a fundamental aspect of our daily lives, encompassing the activities involved
in navigating from one place to another. In the context of architectural spaces, effective
wayfinding is essential for ensuring a positive user experience and reducing frustration.
This issue was brought to light by Solli Distriktpsykiatriske senter (DPS), as they observed
difficulties faced by their patients in exiting the building after treatment sessions. Thereby
introducing an interesting research question on how to establish a well-functioning guidance
system within a complex building structure, with application to finding the way out.
In this thesis, an optimization approach has been taken to define the simplest path. Four
multi-objective optimization methods are utilized to provide different perspectives on
simplicity. The methods consider different weights and rankings of architectural features
and the occupants' familiarity with the building, as these factors have been recognized as
the most influential factors in daily wayfinding. Comparing the optimizations form the
basis for concluding the most suitable method to define the simplest path. Interestingly,
three out of four methods occasionally generate paths that contradict human instincts,
which negatively affect orientation ability. This serves as the basis for making trade-offs
between the methods. As a result, the weighted sum approach with equal weights is found
to be the optimal method for defining the simplest path.
The findings of the optimization approach lay the foundation for establishing a wellfunctioning
guidance system. When applicable, it is recommended to provide signage for
the nearest optimal exit, using the simplest path, and the reception. This means that
if the path to the reception, despite being longer, aligns with human instinct, it should
be clearly indicated. Signage that confirms that the optimal exit route does not involve
the main entrance will give the patients more confidence in following the designated path.
This is important to ensure trust and reliability in the guidance system.
Furthermore, when utilizing the results, consistency in placement and design and the
signs' readability are critical to establishing a comprehensive guidance system. It is
recommended to incorporate a combination of directional and reassurance signs.