• Industrial clusters, asymmetric information and policy design 

      Orvedal, Linda (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-12)
      Recently there has been some attention on the issue of industrial clusters and industrial policy claiming that there are arguments in favour of subsidising special industries in order to stimulate industrial agglomeration. ...
    • Inequality and redistribution : the need for new perspectives 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2005-02)
      Recent years have seen a marked increase in inequality in the OECD area, and since the early 1990s the trend has been unmistakable in Norway also. This paper offers a brief review of the main causes behind this development, ...
    • Informed Enforcement: Lessons from Pollution Monitoring in China 

      Axbard, Sebastian; Deng, Zichen (DP SAM;01/2021, Working paper, 2021-01-07)
      Government regulations are often imperfectly enforced by public officials. In this study, we investigate if real-time monitoring of policy outcomes can improve enforcement of existing regulations by exploring the introduction ...
    • Infrastructure and industrial location : a dual technology approach 

      Bjorvatn, Kjetil (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-10)
      The paper investigates how differences in infrastructure quality may affect industrial location between countries. Employing a dualtechnology model, the main result of the paper is the somewhat surprising conclusion ...
    • Integration and transition : scenarios for location of production and trade in Europe 

      Forslid, Rikard; Haaland, Jan Ingvald Meidell; Midelfart, Karen Helene; Mæstad, Ottar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 1999-05)
      Applying a newly developed CGE-model, we present scenarios for the future economic geography of Europe. The model divides the world into ten regions, of which five are European, and there are 14 industries, of which 12 ...
    • Integration in the English wheat market 1770-1820 

      Brunt, Liam; Cannon, Edmund (Discussion paper;12/2013, Working paper, 2013-06)
      Cointegration analysis has been used widely to quantify market integration through price arbitrage. We show that total price variability can be decomposed into: (i) magnitude of price shocks; (ii) correlation of price ...
    • Inter-firm price coordination in a two-sided market 

      Kind, Hans Jarle; Nilssen, Tore; Sørgard, Lars (Discussion paper;16/2014, Working paper, 2014-05)
      In many two-sided markets we observe that there is a common distributor on one side of the market. One example is the TV industry, where TV channels choose advertising prices to maximize own profit and typically ...
    • Interactions in Public Policies: Spousal Responses and Program Spillovers of Welfare Reforms 

      Johnsen, Julian Vedeler; Vaage, Kjell; Willén, Alexander (DP SAM;20/2020, Working paper, 2020-09)
      Anticipating the labor market effects of welfare reforms is difficult due to public policy interactions across programs and among household members. Specifically, changes to one program may affect individual take-up of ...
    • Intergenerational mobility : trends across the earnings distribution 

      Bratberg, Espen; Nilsen, Øivind Anti; Vaage, Kjell (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2005-02)
      The analysis, based on register data for Norwegian cohorts born 1950, 1955, and 1960, shows that the intergenerational earnings mobility is high. Using quantile regression, mobility is found to be lower at the lower end ...
    • Intergenerational Mobility and the Timing of Parental Income 

      Carneiro, Pedro; Garcia, Italo Lopez; Salvanes, Kjell G.; Tominey, Emma (Discussion paper;23/15, Working paper, 2015-10)
      We extend the standard intergenerational mobility literature by modelling individual outcomes as a function of the whole history of parental income, using data from Norway. We find that, conditional on permanent income, ...
    • Intergenerational risk sharing by means of pay-as-you-go : an investigation of alternative mechanisms 

      Thøgersen, Øystein (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-06)
      A pay-as-you-go (paygo) pension program may provide intergenerational pooling of risks to individuals’ labor and capital income over the life cycle. By means of illuminating closed form solutions we demonstrate that the ...
    • Intergenerational risk sharing by means of pay-as-you-go programs : an investigation of alternative mechanisms 

      Thøgersen, Øystein (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-06)
      A pay-as-you-go (paygo) pension program may provide intergenerational pooling of risks to individuals’ labor and capital income over the life cycle. By means of illuminating closed form solutions we demonstrate that the ...
    • Intermittent Price Changes in Production Plants: Empirical Evidence using Monthly Data. 

      Nilsen, Øivind A.; Vange, Magne (DP SAM;22, Working paper, 2016-12)
      The price-setting behaviour of manufacturing plants is examined using a large panel of monthly surveyed plant- and product-specific prices. The sample shows a high frequency of zero changes, relatively small price changes, ...
    • Internal wage dispersion and firm performance : white-collar evidence 

      Hunnes, Arngrim (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-05)
      Is internal wage dispersion good for firm productivity, or do internal wage differences break the conception of fairness and cause counterproductive behavior among workers? Contrary to previous empirical work that has ...
    • International aspects of public goods provision 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-02)
      This paper considers the extension of the theory of public consumption goods to an international context with public goods whose benefits are global. In one version of the model there are no restrictions on lump sum ...
    • International capital mobility and the taxation of portfolio investments 

      Schjelderup, Guttorm (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-06)
      This paper provides an overview of problems related to the taxation of portfolio investments in an open economy. It starts by outlining empirical results on how taxation affects household portfolio structure and proceeds ...
    • International competition for multinational investment 

      Haaland, Jan Ingvald Meidell; Wooton, Ian (Discussion paper, Working paper, 1998-08)
      We examine the economic justification for providing investment subsidies to foreign-owned multinationals. These provide employment opportunities and generate demand for domestic intermediate inputs, produced by domestic ...
    • International complementarities in the Internet : should local access prices be regulated? 

      Foros, Øystein; Kind, Hans Jarle; Sørgard, Lars (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-05)
      The Internet can be seen as the convergence of different industries, such as telecommunication, software and media, into an international oligopoly offering complementary products. In most of these industries we have ...
    • International income inequality : measuring PPP bias by estimating Engel curves for food 

      Almås, Ingvild (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-07)
      Price-adjusted data on national incomes applied in cross-country compar- isons are measured with bias. By studying micro data, this paper ¯nds that the bias is systematic: the poorer a country is, the more its income ...
    • International trade with competitiveness : effects in R&D 

      Pires, Armando José Garcia (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-02)