• Measuring the consumption value of higher education 

      Alstadsæter, Annette (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-02)
      The consumption value of education is an important, but rather ignored factor behind the individual’s educational choice. This paper suggests a method for measuring the consumption value of education in a compensating ...
    • Media competition on the Internet 

      Barros, Pedro P.; Kind, Hans Jarle; Nilssen, Tore; Sørgard, Lars (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-08)
      This paper presents a model of competition between two advertisingfinanced media firms, and we apply the model to analyze competition between portals on the Internet. First, we show that equilibrium prices of advertising ...
    • Media market concentration, advertising levels, and ad prices 

      Anderson, Simon P.; Foros, Øystein; Kind, Hans Jarle; Peitz, Martin (Discussion Papers;24/2011, Working paper, 2011-12)
      Standard media economics models imply that increased platform com- petition decreases ad levels and that mergers reduce per-viewer ad prices. The empirical evidence, however, is mixed. We attribute the theoretical predictions ...
    • Merger profitability in unionized oligopoly 

      Lommerud, Kjell Erik; Straume, Odd Rune; Sørgard, Lars (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-05)
      We examine how a merger affects wages of unionized labour and, in turn, the profitability of a merger under both Cournot and Bertrand competition. If unions are plant-specific, we find that a merger is more profitable ...
    • Merger simulations with observed diversion ratios 

      Mathiesen, Lars; Nilsen, Øivind Anti; Sørgard, Lars (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-10)
      A common approach to merger simulations used in antitrust cases is to calibrate demand from market shares and a few additional parameters. When the products involved in the merger case are differentiated along several ...
    • Mergers and partial ownership 

      Foros, Øystein; Kind, Hans Jarle; Shaffer, Greg (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-01)
      In this paper we compare the profitability of a merger to the profitability of a partial ownership arrangement and find that partial ownership arrangements can be more profitable for the acquiring and acquired firm because ...
    • Modeling individual choices in experiments : reply to Conte and Moffatt 

      Cappelen, Alexander W.; Hole, Astri Drange; Sørensen, Erik Ø.; Tungodden, Bertil (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2009-07)
      In a comment to Cappelen, Hole, Sørensen, and Tungodden (2007b), Conte and Moffatt (2009) challenge our use of a random utility model when studying individual choices in a fairness experiment. They propose an alternative ...
    • The more the merrier? : the effect of family composition on children’s education 

      Black, Sandra E.; Devereux, Paul J.; Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-08)
      Among the perceived inputs in the “production” of child quality is family size; there is an extensive theoretical literature that postulates a tradeoff between child quantity and quality within a family. However, there is ...
    • Motivating Low-Achievers—Relative Performance Feedback in Primary Schools 

      Hermes, Henning; Huschens, Martin; Rothlauf, Franz; Schunk, Daniel (DP SAM;14/2019, Working paper, 2019-11)
      Relative performance feedback (RPF) has often been shown to improve effort and performance in the workplace and educational settings. Yet, many studies also document substantial negative effects of RPF, in particular for ...
    • Multidimensional screening in a monopolistic insurance market 

      Olivella, Pau; Schroyen, Fred (Discussion Papers;19/2011, Working paper, 2011-11)
      In this paper, we consider a population of individuals who differ in two dimensions: their risk type (expected loss) and their risk aversion. We solve for the profit maximizing menu of contracts that a monopolistic insurer ...
    • Multidimensional screening in a monopolistic insurance market: proofs 

      Olivella, Pau; Schroyen, Fred (Discussion Papers;21/2011, Working paper, 2011-11)
      This technical paper contains the proofs of all lemmata, propo- sitions and other statements made in the paper Multidimensional screening in a monopolistic insurance market.
    • Multinational firms : easy come, easy go? 

      Haaland, Jan Ingvald Meidell; Ian, Wooton (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-10)
      Although many countries welcome inward investments by multinational firms (MNEs), it is often perceived that MNEs readily close down production in bad times. We study the choice of an MNE in deciding whether to establish ...
    • Multinational investment, industry risk, and policy competition 

      Haaland, Jan Ingvald Meidell; Wooton, Ian (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-12)
      In an uncertain business climate, multinational enterprises must take account of future exit costs in deciding where to locate a branch plant. We study how differences in national labour-market conditions between countries ...
    • Multinationals’ mode of entry with presence of vertical spillovers 

      Balsvik, Ragnhild (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-02)
      Multinationals’ mode of foreign expansion may depend on whether or not they expect technological externalities or spillovers to generate new competition. Existing models where ex-post spillovers affect the ex-ante entry ...
    • National versus international mergers in unionised oligopoly 

      Lommerud, Kjell Erik; Straume, Odd Rune; Sørgard, Lars (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-06)
      We analyse how the presence of trade unions affects the pattern of mergers in an international oligopoly and the welfare implications thereof. We find that wages for the merger participants are always lower when they ...
    • Natural Resources, Demand for Skills, and Schooling Choices 

      Bütikofer, Aline; Dalla-Zuanna, Antonio; Salvanes, Kjell G. (SAM DP;15/2023, Working paper, 2023-06-30)
      This paper studies the consequences of the buildup of a new economic sector—the Norwegian petroleum industry—on investment in human capital. We assess both short-term and long-term effects for a broad set of educational ...
    • Navigating through torpedo attacks and enemy raiders: Merchant shipping and freight rates during World War I 

      Klovland, Jan Tore (SAM;07/2017, Working paper, 2017)
      During World War I ocean freight rates rose to extraordinary levels. Using a new monthly dataset it is shown that freight rates can be well explained by economic activity, commodity prices, war risk and world tonnage in ...
    • Negotiation under possible third party settlement 

      Birkeland, Sigbjørn (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2011-03)
    • The neighbourhood is not what it used to be : has there been equalisation of opportunity across families and communities in Norway? 

      Raaum, Oddbjørn; Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar; Sørensen, Erik Ø. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-12)
      Parents influence their children's adult outcomes through economic and genetic endowments, transmission of cultural values and social skills, and through choice of residential location. Using a variance decomposition ...
    • Nepotism vs. Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital in Academia (1088–1800) 

      de la Croix, David; Goñi, Marc (DP SAM;09/2021, Working paper, 2021-03-16)
      We argue that the waning of nepotism in academia bolstered scientific production in pre-industrial Europe. We build a database of families of scholars (1088–1800), measure their scientific output, and develop a general ...