Browsing Discussion papers (SAM) by Issue Date
Now showing items 21-40 of 649
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Private labels, price rivalry, and public policy
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-06)The article examines how the existence of a retailer owned brand, private label, affects the price setting of a national brand. We find that the potential for a private label introduction may lead to price concessions ... -
Does the tax system encourage too much education?
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-07)The Nordic countries have dual income taxation, with a proportional tax on capital income and a progressive tax on labour income. Nielsen and Sørensen (1997) argue that this asymmetric treatment of the two types of income ... -
Social security reforms and early retirement
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-09)In order to stimulate labor market participation and improve the financial viability of the social security systems, many recent reform proposals in various OECD economies suggest to scale down the non-actuarial parts ... -
Multinational firms : easy come, easy go?
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-10)Although many countries welcome inward investments by multinational firms (MNEs), it is often perceived that MNEs readily close down production in bad times. We study the choice of an MNE in deciding whether to establish ... -
Comparative advantage and economic geography : estimating the location of production in the EU
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-10)We develop and econometrically estimate a model of the location of industries across countries. The model combines factor endowments and geographical considerations, and shows how industry and country characteristics ... -
To peg or not to peg? : a simple model of exchange rate regime choice in small economies
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-10)The choice of an exchange rate peg often points to a trade-off between gaining credibility and losing flexibility. We show that the flexibility loss may be reduced if domestic and foreign shocks are correlated and more ... -
Two-part pricing, consumer heterogeneity and Cournot competition
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001)We analyze two-part tariffs in an oligopoly, where each firm commits to a quantity and a fixed fee prior to the determination of unit prices. In the case of homogeneous consumers, Harrison and Kline (2001) showed that the ... -
Two part tariffs with partial product bundling
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001)When a firm operates in an industry with very large differences in consumers' willingness to pay for the service it offers, it faces a challenge in the pricing decision. It wants to engage in price discrimination, but ... -
Explicit and implicit incentives in fund management
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-01)Fund managers compete to attract new investors. Competition and fund management contracts provide implicit and explicit incentives for fund management. I study the combined effect of these two types of incentives on i) ... -
Bridging the tax-expenditure gap : green taxes and the marginal cost of funds
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-02)The marginal cost of public funds is usually seen as a number greater than one, reflecting the efficiency cost of distortionary taxes. But economic intuition suggests that since green taxes are efficiency-enhancing the ... -
Is mobility of technical personnel a source of R&D spillovers?
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-03)Labor mobility is often considered to be an important source of knowledge externalities, making it difficult for firms to appropriate returns to R&D investments. In this paper, I argue that inter-firm transfers of knowledge ... -
Access pricing, quality degradation, and foreclosure in the Internet
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-03)Access to both a local and a global network is needed in order to get complete connection to the Internet. The purpose of this article is to examine the interplay between those two networks and how it affects the domestic ... -
Competition and compatibility among Internet service providers
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-03)We consider a two-stage game between two competing Internet service providers(ISPs). The firms offer access to the Internet. Access is assumed to be vertically and horizontally differentiated. Our model exhibits network ... -
Markets for public and private health care : redistribution arguments for a mixed system
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-04)Should health care provision be public, private, or both? We look at this question in a setting where people differ in their earnings capacity and express an inelastic demand for health care. We assume that illness reduces ... -
Formula apportionment and transfer pricing under oligopolistic competition
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-05)This paper demonstrates that under conditions of imperfect (oligopolistic) competition, a transition from separate accounting (SA) to formula apportionment (FA) does not eliminate the problem of profit shifting via ... -
On the significance of pre-existing distortions for the costs of environmental regulation
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-05)Recently, several papers have shown that environmental taxes are more costly in an economy with preexisting distortions than in an undistorted economy. This result applies for equal percent reductions from different ... -
Do firms really share rents with their workers?
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-05)We use matched firm - worker panel data from France and Norway to consider observationally equivalent alternatives to the hypothesis that firms share product market rents with their workers in the form of higher wages. ... -
Tax spillovers under separate accounting and formula apportionment
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-05)It is observed in the real world that taxes matter for location decisions and that multinationals shift profits by transfer pricing. The US and Canada use Formula Apportionment (FA) to tax corporate income, and the EU ... -
Economies of scale in European manufacturing revisited
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-06)We test for internal and external economies of scale in European manufacturing employing a more disaggregated data set than what has been used in earlier analyses, and aim to separate externalities from common business ... -
Industrial clusters : equilibrium, welfare, and policy
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-08)This paper studies the size and number of industrial clusters that will arise in a multi-country world in which one sector has a propensity to cluster because of increasing returns to scale. It compares the equilibrium ...