Now showing items 1-20 of 148

    • The 19th century Antarctic sealing industry : sources, data and economic significance 

      Basberg, Bjørn L.; Headland, Robert K. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2008-09)
      Sealing was the first exploitative industry in the Antarctic region. Throughout the 19th century it was characterized by large fluctuations in harvests and shifts in hunting grounds as seals were almost exterminated in ...
    • Adam Smith and modern economics 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper;13/2014, Working paper, 2014-04)
      In his Wealth of Nations (1776) Adam Smith created an agenda for the study of the economy that is reflected in the structure of modern economics. This paper describes Smith’s contributions to four central areas of economic ...
    • Adapt or withdraw? :evidence on technological changes and early retirement using matched worker-firm data 

      Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar; Rønningen, Dag; Hægeland, Torbjørn (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-08)
      Older workers typically possess older vintages of skills than younger workers, and they may suffer more from technological change. Experienced workers never the less have accumulated human capital that make them suitable ...
    • Agglomeration, tax competition and local public goods supply 

      Norman, Eva Benedicte Danielsen; Norman, Victor D. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-07)
      In this paper we develop a framework for studying tax competition and local public goods supply in a setting where real and fiscal externalities interact with local democracy. We use the framework (a) to analyse if there ...
    • Antarctic tourism and the maritime heritage 

      Basberg, Bjørn L. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2008-09)
      Maritime activity in the Antarctic region goes back to the 18th Century. It evolved from exploration and discoveries to commercial activities, especially sealing and whaling. Antarctic tourism is a more recent phenomenon, ...
    • Are all of the good men fathers? The effect of having children on earnings 

      Kunze, Astrid (Discussion paper;11/2014, Working paper, 2014-04)
      This study reconsiders the empirical question of whether men’s earnings increase because of children. Large Norwegian register data are used for brother and twin pairs who are followed over their life cycle from their ...
    • Atmospheric externalities and environmental taxation 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-09)
      The paper reviews the theory of environmental taxation under first best and second best conditions. It argues that negative environmental externalities lead to reductions of the provision of public goods, while investment ...
    • Attitudes towards income risk in the presence of quantity constraints 

      Schroyen, Fred (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2011-04)
    • Baby booming inequality?: demographic change and inequality in Norway, 1967-2004 

      Almås, Ingvild; Havnes, Tarjei; Mogstad, Magne (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-02)
      We demonstrate how age-adjusted inequality measures can be used to evaluate whether changes in inequality over time are because of changes in the age structure. In particular, we explore the hypothesis that the substantial ...
    • A benchmark value for relative prudence 

      Schroyen, Fred; Etner, Johanna; Eeckhoudt, Louis (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-10)
      In this paper we propose benchmark values for the coefficients of relative risk aversion and relative prudence on the basis of a binary choice model where the decision maker chooses between aggregating or disaggragatin ...
    • Beyond trade costs : firms' endogenous access to international markets 

      Pires, Armando José Garcia (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-10)
      In this paper we argue that the level of access to international markets by firms is related not only to exogenous factors such as trade costs, but also to endogenous factors such as strategic competition on R&D. In ...
    • Breaking the glass ceiling? : the effect of board quotas on female labor market outcomes in Norway 

      Bertrand, Marianne; Black, Sandra E.; Jensen, Sissel; Lleras-Muney, Adriana (Discussion paper;28/2014, Working paper, 2014-08)
      In late 2003, Norway passed a law mandating 40 percent representation of each gender on the board of publicly limited liability companies. The primary objective of this reform was to increase the representation of women ...
    • Business models for media firms : does competition matter for how they raise revenue? 

      Kind, Hans Jarle; Nilssen, Tore; Sørgard, Lars (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2009-07)
      The purpose of this article is to analyze how competitive forces may influence the way media firms like TV channels raise revenue. A media firm can either be financed by advertising revenue, by direct payment from the ...
    • Cartels uncovered 

      Steen, Frode; Toivanen, Otto; Hyytinen, Ari (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-03)
      How many cartels are there? The answer is important in assessing the efficiency of competition policy. We present a Hidden Markov Model that answers the question, taking into account that often we do not know whether a ...
    • The challenge of a rising skill premium for redistributive taxation 

      Bjorvatn, Kjetil; Cappelen, Alexander W. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-02)
      The present paper analyses the challenge to redistribution programs posed by an increase in skill premium. The increase in skill premium, which we observe in most OECD countries, affects taxation through its effect on ...
    • Challenges for the construction of historical price indices : the case of Norway, 1777-1920 

      Klovland, Jan Tore (Discussion papers;5/2014, Working paper, 2014-03)
      This paper reviews some methodological and practical problems encountered in the construction of historical price indices. The underlying data sets in such studies are often characterized by heterogenous and incomplete ...
    • A chronology of financial crises for Norway 

      Grytten, Ola Honningdal; Hunnes, Arngrim (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-05)
      The paper offers a chronology of financial crises in Norway from her independence in 1814 till present times. Firstly, business cycles, covering almost two hundred years of economic history are mapped. These reveal years ...
    • Comparative advantage or discrimination? : studying male-female wage differentials using displaced workers 

      Kunze, Astrid; Troske, Kenneth R. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-09)
      We examine differences in search behavior between men and women using data on displaced workers. We find that men and women have similar search duration once we limit our estimation to women with a constant number of ...
    • The comparison between ad valorem and specific taxation under two-part tariffs 

      Schjelderup, Guttorm; Jensen, Sissel (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2009-06)
      In this paper, we compare ad valorem and specific taxation under heterogeneous demand when a monopolist offers a menu of two-part tariffs. An increase in either tax rate leads to a higher usage fee for all consumers, whereas ...
    • A comparison of optimal tax policies when compensation or responsibility matter 

      Jacquet, Laurence; Van de gaer, Dirk (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2009-08)
      This paper examines optimal redistribution in a model with high and low-skilled individuals with heterogeneous tastes for labor, that either work or not. With such double heterogeneity, it is well known that traditional ...