Blar i Discussion papers (FOR) på tittel
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Estimating the parameters of stochastic differential equations using a criterion function based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 1998)Estimation of parameters in the drift and diffusion terms of stochastic differential equations involves simulation and generally requires substantial data sets. We examine a method that can be applied when available time ... -
Estimation of biological and economic parameters of a bioeconomic fisheries model using dynamical data assimilation
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-05)A new approach of model parameter estimation is used with simulated measurements to recover both biological and economic input parameters of a natural resource model. The procedure efficiently combines time series of ... -
European market integration for gas? : volume flexibility and political risk
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-05)Is the European gas market integrated? Are there substantial price differences between gas from different export countries? Time series of Norwegian, Dutch and Russian gas export prices to Germany in 1990-1998 are examined. ... -
European option pricing and hedging with both fixed and proportional transaction costs
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-12)In this paper we extend the utility based option pricing and hedging approach, pioneered by Hodges and Neuberger (1989) and further developed by Davis, Panas, and Zariphopoulou (1993), for the market where each transaction ... -
Evaluating Norway’s electric vehicle incentives
(Discussion paper;19/23, Working paper, 2023-11-08)We use product-level data from 2000 to 2021 to evaluate Norway’s incentives for consumers to choose electric vehicles. These include taxes on fossil fuels, EV exemption from car purchase taxes, and other incentives, like ... -
Evidence on competitive advantage and superior stock market performance
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2009-10)This article analyzes the value-relevance of industry-based and resource-based competitive advantage in a large sample of firms listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. We measure competitive advantage by a single variable and ... -
Evolution of Decision and Control Rights in Venture Capital Contracts: An Empirical Analysis
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-12)We analyze the structure and evolution of the allocation of decision and control rights in venture capital contracts by using a sample of 464 contracts between venture capitalists (VC) and portfolio firms from Germany. We ... -
Evolutionary stable investment in stock markets
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-10)This paper studies the performance of portfolio rules in incomplete markets for long-lived assets with endogenous prices. The dynamics of wealth shares in the process of repeated reinvestment of wealth is modelled as a ... -
Existence and uniqueness of equilibrium in a reinsurance syndicate
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2008-07)In this paper we consider a reinsurance syndicate, assuming that Pareto optimal allocations exist. Under a continuity assumption on preferences, we show that a competitive equilibrium exists and is unique. Our conditions ... -
Existence of sunspot equilibria and uniqueness of spot market equilibria : the case of intrinsically complete markets
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004)We consider economies with additively separable utility functions and give conditions for the two-agents case under which the existence of sunspot equilibria is equivalent to the occurrence of the transfer paradox. This ... -
Explicit Solution Algorithms for Order and Price Postponement in Multi-periodic Channel Optimization
(Discussion paper;9/19, Working paper, 2019-09-09)Supply channels typically face uncertain and time-varying demand. Nonetheless, time-dependent channel optimization while addressing uncertain demand has received limited attention due to the high level of complexity of the ... -
Extensions of an integrated approach for multi-resource shop scheduling
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 1999-06)In a previous work, we proposed an integrated approach for a rather general shop scheduling problem, with multi-resource, exibility and non-linear routings. In this paper, we want to overcome some of the limitations of the ... -
Faithful accounting in MMP-elections
(Discussion paper;7/21, Working paper, 2021-07-14)In MMP-elections for legislatures, political parties compete for a voter’s support in two ways: for a first vote to the party’s candidate in a single-seat constituency and for a second vote to the party’s list of candidates. ... -
Fat and skew : can NIG cure? : on the prospects of using the normal inverse Gaussian distribution in finance
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 1998-03)This paper explores the possibility of using the Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) distribution introduced by Barndorff-Nielsen (1997) in various problem areas in finance where distributions often are found to be non-normal ... -
Financial Distress and Idiosyncratic Volatility: An Empirical Investigation
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-07)We address the twin puzzles of anomalously low returns for high idiosyncratic volatility and high distress risk stocks, documented by Ang, Hodrick, Xing and Zhang (2006) and Campbell, Hilscher and Szilagyi (2005), respectively. ... -
Financial economics
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-01)We consider a one period (two time points-) model of efficient risk sharing, when the risk of possible sharing rules are constrained to be linear. This can be interpreted as a model of a market for common stocks. Here we ... -
Finding core allocations for fixed cost games in electricity networks
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003)We discuss the cost allocation problem faced by a network operator, where the fixed (residual) cost of the network has to be allocated among its users. Usage-based methods, such as the postage stamp rate method and the ... -
Finding the Right Yardstick: Regulation under Heterogeneous Environments
(Discussion paper;4/16, Working paper, 2016-02-25)Revenue cap regulation is often combined with systematic benchmarking to reveal the managerial inefficiencies when regulating natural monopolies. One example is the European energy sector, where benchmarking methods are ... -
Firm size and the quality of entrepreneurs
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-06)A theory is proposed where the pay policy and size of established firms are determined together with individual workers' entrepreneurship decision. The main results are twofold. First, taking the firm size as given, larger ... -
Fish wars on the high seas : a straddling stock competition model
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-04)The post World War II era saw the development of powerful self-contained fishing fleets, so-called distant-water fleets (DWFs), which roamed the worlds oceans, seeking out rich harvesting targets wherever they might be ...