Browsing Discussion papers (FOR) by Title
Now showing items 432-451 of 564
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Simplifying and generalizing some efficient frontier and CAPM related results
(Discussion paper;12/07, Working paper, 2007-03)This paper simplifies, generalizes, extends, surveys and unifies results related to the efficient frontier in portfolio analysis and to asset pricing formulations of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) type. It derives ... -
Simulation of congestion management and security constraints in the Nordic electricity market
(Discussion papers;30/14, Working paper, 2014-06)Presently in the Nordic day-ahead market, zonal pricing or market splitting is used for relieving congestion between a predetermined set of price areas. Constraints internal to the price areas are resolved by counter ... -
Single transferable votes with tax-cuts
(Discussion Paper, Working paper, 2000)Some tally methods for preferential elections are discussed from the following point of view: how well do they respect a wish from the voter that subsidiary votes in the ballot cannot hurt the chances of the ballot’s ... -
Size Management in Response to Mandatory Audit Rules
(Discussion paper;2/22, Working paper, 2022-01-10)Many countries have introduced thresholds for mandatory audits as a measure of reducing complexity and costs for private firms’ financial reporting. Firms around the size thresholds have incentives to size down in order ... -
Size-based input price discrimination under endogenous inside options
(Discussion paper;4/21, Working paper, 2021-03-04)Individual retailers may choose to invest in a substitute to a dominant supplier’s products (inside option) as a way of improving its position towards the supplier. Given that a large retailer has stronger investment ... -
Social capital formation : some theory and experimental evidence
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-01)We use a rule-based decision model to study social capital formation and economic performance, where the agents are sometimes motivated by norms and sometimes by pure self-interest. In this framework, the normative concepts ... -
Soft landing of a stock market bubble : an experimental study
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-10)The paper investigates the effect of interest policy on price bubbles, trading behavior and portfolio choice in experimental stock markets. A series of experiments has 8 participants trade an asset over 15 periods. ... -
Software vulnerabilities and bug bounty programs
(Discussion paper;4/20, Working paper, 2020-05-12)Many software developers employ bug bounty programs that award a prize for the detection of bugs in their software. We analyze, in a model with asymmetric information, under which conditions a bug bounty program is beneficial ... -
Solution Algorithms for Optimal Buy-Back Contracts in Multi-period Channel Equilibria with Stochastic Demand and Delayed Information
(Discussion paper;10/19, Working paper, 2019-09-09)We analyze the problem of time-dependent channel coordination in the face of uncertain demand. The channel, composed of a manufacturer and a retailer, is to address a time-varying and uncertain price-dependent demand. The ... -
Some aspects of random utility, extreme value theory and multinomial logit models
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-01)In this paper we give a survey on some basic ideas related to random utility, extreme value theory and multinomial logit models. These ideas are well known within the eld of spatial economics, but do not appear to be ... -
Some comments on free-riding in leontief partnerships
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001)Holmström (1982) showed that free-riding is inevitable in partnerships where inputs are substitutes. Legros & Matthews (1993) and Vislie (1994) showed that when inputs are strict complements (Leontief technology), free-riding ... -
Some crude approximation, calibration and estimation procedures for NIG-variates
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-11)In this paper we explore some crude approximation, calibration and estimation procedures for Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) variates of potential use in risk management. Among others we treat in some detail the calibration ... -
Some new bivariate IG and NIG-distributions for modelling covariate financial returns
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-02)The univariate Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) distribution is found useful for modelling financial return data exhibiting skewness and fat tails. Multivariate versions exists, but may be impractical to implement in finance. ... -
A spatial equilibrium simulation approach to explain unemployment rate differentials between areas
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002)This paper primarily focuses on how area-specific asymmetries and exogenous shocks influence spatial unemployment disparities. We approach through a model specification with two areas and two categories of workers with ... -
The spatial transferability of parameters in a gravity model of commuting flows
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-05) -
Speciality oils supply chain optimization: from a decoupled to an integrated planning approach
(Discussion paper;03/12, Working paper, 2012-03)We study a problem of tactical planning in a divergent supply chain. It involves decisions regarding production, inventory, internal transportation, sales and distribution to customers. The problem is motivated by the ... -
Specification of merger gains in the Norwegian electricity distribution industry
(Discussion paper;7/16, Working paper, 2016-04-19)Electricity distribution often exhibits economies of scale. In Norway, a number of smaller distribution system operators exist and thus there is potential to restructure the industry, possibly through mergers. However, the ... -
Spillovers and international competition for investments
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-05)Two jurisdictions compete to attract shares of the investment budget of a large multinational enterprise, whose investments confer positive spillovers on national firms. The firm has private information about its efficiency ... -
Spin-offs and spillovers : tracing knowledge by following employees across firms
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002)Most R&D projects fail from a commercial point of view, and technological shifts may quickly turn even successful innovations into failure. It is, however, possible that projects which fail commercially produce knowledge ... -
The St. Petersburg Paradox
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 1998-09)The classical St. Petersburg Paradox is discussed in terms of doubling strategies. It is claimed that what was originally thought of as a "paradox" can hardly be considered as very surprising today, but viewed in terms of ...