• Spillovers and international competition for investments 

      Olsen, Trond E.; Osmundsen, Petter (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-05)
      Two jurisdictions compete to attract shares of the investment budget of a large multinational enterprise, whose investments confer positive spillovers on national firms. The firm has private information about its efficiency ...
    • Spin-offs and spillovers : tracing knowledge by following employees across firms 

      Møen, Jarle (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002)
      Most R&D projects fail from a commercial point of view, and technological shifts may quickly turn even successful innovations into failure. It is, however, possible that projects which fail commercially produce knowledge ...
    • The St. Petersburg Paradox 

      Aase, Knut K. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 1998-09)
      The classical St. Petersburg Paradox is discussed in terms of doubling strategies. It is claimed that what was originally thought of as a "paradox" can hardly be considered as very surprising today, but viewed in terms of ...
    • Stackelberg equilibria in a multiperiod vertical contracting model with uncertain and price-dependent demand 

      Sandal, Leif Kristoffer; Ubøe, Jan (Discussion paper;2012:2, Working paper, 2012-02)
      In this paper, we consider Stackelberg games in a multiperiod vertical contracting model with uncertain demand. Demand has a distribution with a mean and variance that depend on the current retail price, and this ...
    • Stairway to (Secrecy) Heaven: Market Attitudes towards Secrecy Shopping 

      Gavrilova, Evelina; Polakova, Aija (Discussion paper;19/18, Working paper, 2018-12-18)
      We study asset price reactions to news on firms' decisions to acquire affiliates located in known secrecy havens. Our sample consists of data on the S&P 500 companies in the period 2007 to 2014. We find that acquisitions ...
    • Status concerns and the organization of work 

      Fershtman, Chaim; Hvide, Hans K.; Weiss, Yoram (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-01)
      We study the effects of local status, where workers compare their wage to the wage of other workers within the same firm. We assume a competitive labor market with unobservable effort, where firms condition wages on output ...
    • Stepwise Investment and Capacity Sizing under Uncertainty 

      Chronopoulos, Michail; Hagspiel, Verena; Fleten, Stein-Erik (Discussion paper;10/15, Working paper, 2015-02-13)
      The relationship between uncertainty and managerial flexibility is particularly crucial in addressing capital projects. We consider a firm that can invest in a project in either a single (lumpy investment) or multiple ...
    • Stochastic Electricity Dispatch: A challenge for market design 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Midthun, Kjetil; Tomasgard, Asgeir (Discussion paper;11/16, Working paper, 2016-08-25)
      We consider an electricity market with two sequential market clearings, for instance representing a day-ahead and a real-time market. When the first market is cleared, there is uncertainty with respect to generation and/or ...
    • Stochastic optimization for multispecies fisheries in the Barents Sea 

      Poudel, Diwakar; Sandal, Leif Kristoffer (Discussion paper;02/14, Working paper, 2014-02)
      This study presents a multispecies stochastic model. The model suggests optimal fishing policy for two species in a three species predator prey ecosystem in the Barents Sea. We have employed stochastic dynamic programing ...
    • Stochastic programming, cooperation, and risk exchange 

      Flåm, Sjur Didrik (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-08)
      Stochastic programming offers handy instruments to analyze exchange of goods and risks. Absent efficient markets for some of those items, such programming may imitate or synthesize market-like transfers among concerned ...
    • Stochastic programs with binary distributions: Structural properties of scenario trees and algorithms 

      Prochazka, Vit; Wallace, Stein W. (Discussion paper;12/17, Working paper, 2017-10-27)
      Binary random variables often refer to such as customers that are present or not, roads that are open or not, machines that are operable or not. At the same time, stochastic programs often apply to situations where penalties ...
    • Stochastic Stackelberg equilibria with applications to time dependent newsvendor models 

      Sandal, Leif Kristoffer; Øksendal, Bernt; Ubøe, Jan (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2011-05)
    • Strategic defaults and priority violations under costly state verification 

      Hvide, Hans K.; Leite, Tore (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-06)
      We reformulate the classic CSV model of financial contracting from Townsend (1979) and Gale & Hellwig (1985) to tackle criticisms raised against it, such as lack of subgame-perfectness at the repayment stage and its inability ...
    • Strategic insider trading equilibrium : a filter theory approach 

      Aase, Knut K.; Bjuland, Terje; Øksendal, Bernt (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-08)
      The continuous-time version of Kyle's (1985) model of asset pricing with asymmetric information is studied, and generalized in various directions, i.e., by allowing time-varying liquidity trading, and by having weaker ...
    • Strategic insider trading equilibrium : a forward integration approach 

      Aase, Knut K.; Bjuland, Terje; Øksendal, Bernt (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-11)
      The continuous-time version of Kyle’s (1985) model of asset pricing with asymmetric information is studied, and generalized in various directions, i.e., by allowing time-varying noise trading, and by allowing the orders ...
    • Strategic Insider Trading Equilibrium with a non-fiduciary market maker 

      Aase, Knut K.; Øksendal, Bernt (Discussion paper;2/19, Working paper, 2019-08-28)
      The continuous-time version of Kyle's (1985) model is studied, in which market makers are not fiduciaries. They have some market power which they utilize to set the price to their advantage, resulting in positive expected ...
    • Strategic Insider Trading in Continuous Time: A New Approach 

      Aase, Knut K.; Øksendal, Bernt (Discussion paper;3/19, Working paper, 2019-08-29)
      The continuous-time version of Kyle's (1985) model of asset pricing with asymmetric information is studied, and generalized by allowing time-varying noise trading. From rather simple assumptions we are able to derive the ...
    • Strategic pricing of commodities 

      Jörnsten, Kurt; Ubøe, Jan (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006)
      In this paper we will consider a setting where a large number of agents are trading commodity bundles. Assuming that agents of the same type have a certain utility attached to each transaction, we construct a statistical ...
    • Strategic regulation of a multi-national banking industry 

      Dalen, Dag Morten; Olsen, Trond E. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-12)
      This paper focuses on the consequences of cross-border banking and entry of multi-national bank (MNB) subsidiaries for banking supervision and regulation. When a MNB expands internationally with subsidiaries, the MNB ...
    • Strategic tax competition : implications of national ownership 

      Olsen, Trond E.; Osmundsen, Petter (Discussion paper, Working paper, 1999-11)
      Two jurisdictions compete to capture the rents of a large multinational enterprise (MNE) which invests locally and which is partly owned by local investors. The MNE contributes to local welfare by tax payments and dividends, ...