• A Nodal Pricing Model for the Nordic Electricity Market 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Gribkovskaia, Victoria (Discussion paper;43/14, Working paper, 2014-12)
      In the Nordic day-ahead electricity market zonal pricing or market splitting is used for relieving congestion between a predetermined set of bidding areas. This congestion management method represents an aggregation of ...
    • An analysis of a combinatorial auction 

      Bjørndal, Mette; Jörnsten, Kurt (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001)
      Our objective is to find prices on individual items in a combinatorial auction that support the optimal allocation of bundles of items, i.e. the solution to the winner determination problem of the combinatorial auction. ...
    • Assessment of the Norwegian transmission pricing rules by using a modified AC-OPF 

      Stamtsis, Georgios C.; Bjørndal, Mette; Erlich, István; Jörnsten, Kurt (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004)
      This paper focuses on the combined effects of loss factors and zonal pricing in a system that takes as a starting point the procedures of transmission pricing in the Norwegian power system. It interprets the notion of loss ...
    • Congestion Management in a Stochastic Dispatch Model for Electricity Markets 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Midthun, Kjetil; Zakeri, Golbon (Discussion paper;12/16, Working paper, 2016-08-25)
      We consider an electricity market organized with two settlements: one for a pre-delivery (day-ahead) market and one for real time, where uncertainty regarding production from non-dispatchable energy sources as well as ...
    • Congestion management in the Nordic power market : counter purchases and zonal pricing 

      Bjørndal, Mette; Jörnsten, Kurt; Pignon, Virginie (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002)
      In this paper, we investigate methods for managing congestion on the grid in the Nordic power market. Specifically, we have considered the differences between using counter purchases as opposed to pricing out the transmission ...
    • Cost efficiency analysis based on the DEA and StoNED models : case of Norwegian electricity distribution companies 

      Cheng, Xiaomei; Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette (Discussion papers;28/14, Working paper, 2014-06)
      Our paper applies data envelopment analysis (DEA) and stochastic non-parametric envelopment of data (StoNED) to measure cost efficiency of electricity distribution companies. The data cover 123 Norwegian electricity ...
    • Finding the Right Yardstick: Regulation under Heterogeneous Environments 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Cullmann, Astrid; Nieswand, Maria (Discussion paper;4/16, Working paper, 2016-02-25)
      Revenue cap regulation is often combined with systematic benchmarking to reveal the managerial inefficiencies when regulating natural monopolies. One example is the European energy sector, where benchmarking methods are ...
    • Flow-Based Market Coupling in the European Electricity Market – A Comparison of Efficiency and Feasibility 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Cai, Hong (Discussion paper;14/18, Working paper, 2018-10-23)
      In May 2015, the Flow-Based Market Coupling (FBMC) model replaced the Available Transfer Capacity (ATC) model in Central Western Europe to determine the power transfers between countries or price areas. The FBMC model aims ...
    • Guarantees of Origin and Competition in the Spot Electricity Market 

      Blázquez, Mario; Hovdahl, Isabel; Arve, Malin; Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette (Discussion paper;24/23, Working paper, 2023-12-15)
      We study the effect of introducing a market for green energy attributes on the market for the energy itself. In Europe, renewable energy producers receive Guarantees of Origin (GOs) that they can sell to consumers who wish ...
    • Hybrid Pricing in a Coupled European Power Market with More Wind Power 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Cai, Hong; Panos, Evangelos (Discussion paper;28/15, Working paper, 2015-10-28)
      In the European market, the promotion of wind power leads to more network congestion. Zonal pricing (market coupling), which does not take the physical characteristics of transmission into account, is the most commonly ...
    • Malmquist Productivity Analysis based on StoNED 

      Cheng, Xiaomei; Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette (Discussion paper;25/15, Working paper, 2015-09-24)
      We construct a Malmquist productivity index based on stochastic non-parametric envelopment of data (StoNED) method, and we study how the distributional assumptions in the second StoNED stage affect productivity change ...
    • Market power in a power market with transmission constraints 

      Bjørndal, Mette; Gribkovskaia, Victoria; Jörnsten, Kurt (Discussion papers;29/14, Working paper, 2014-06)
      In this paper we present a model for analysing the strategic behaviour of a generator and its short run implications on an electricity network with transmission constraints. The problem is formulated as a Stackelberg ...
    • Market Power Under Nodal and Zonal Congestion Management Techniques 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Rud, Linda; Rahimi Alangi, Somayeh (Discussion paper;14/17, Working paper, 2017-11-07)
      Contrary to the common thought that nodal pricing provides more opportunities for a strategic player to exert market power than the zonal model, we show that in the latter one because of the need for re-dispatch or ...
    • Nodal pricing in a coupled electricity market 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Cai, Hong (Arbeidsnotat;27/14, Working paper, 2014-06)
      This paper investigates a pricing model for an electricity market with a hybrid congestion management method, i.e. part of the system applies a nodal pricing scheme and the rest applies a zonal pricing scheme. The model ...
    • Optimal Scale in Different Environments – The Case of Norwegian Electricity Distribution Companies 

      Cheng, Xiaomei; Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette (Discussion paper;22/15, Working paper, 2015-09-17)
      We study returns to scale in Norwegian electricity distribution companies. The scale issue of this sector has become an important political question, and it was for instance discussed by the Reiten commission (OED, 2014) ...
    • Paradoxes in networks supporting competitive electricity markets 

      Bjørndal, Mette; Jörnsten, Kurt (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000)
      Grid investments are normally done in electrical networks in order to achieve a well functioning integrated electricity market and/or making the network more secure, i.e. less sensitive to link failures. In general, there ...
    • Pricing wind: A revenue adequate, cost recovering uniform price for electricity markets with intermittent generation 

      Zakeri, Golbon; Pritchard, Geoff; Bjørndal, Mette; Bjørndal, Endre (Discussion paper;15/16, Working paper, 2016-09-06)
      With greater penetration of renewable generation, the uncertainty faced in electricity markets has increased substantially. Conventionally, generators are assigned a pre-dispatch quantity in advance of real time, based on ...
    • Productivity Development for Norwegian Electricity Distribution Companies 2004-2013 

      Cheng, Xiaomei; Bjørndal, Endre; Lien, Gudbrand; Bjørndal, Mette (Discussion paper;27/15, Working paper, 2015-10-07)
      Norwegian distribution companies have been subjected to an incentive regulation scheme from 1997, and the efficiency incentives were further strengthened with the introduction of yardstick regulation in 2007. We examine ...
    • Revenue cap regulation in a deregulated electricity market : effects on a grid company 

      Bjørndal, Mette; Jörnsten, Kurt (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001)
      In Norway, an incentive-based regulation of electricity distribution companies, based on revenue caps, was introduced in 1997. The revenues are adjusted annually, and the new revenue cap is determined on the basis of last ...
    • Simulation of congestion management and security constraints in the Nordic electricity market 

      Bjørndal, Endre; Bjørndal, Mette; Gribkovskaia, Victoria (Discussion papers;30/14, Working paper, 2014-06)
      Presently in the Nordic day-ahead market, zonal pricing or market splitting is used for relieving congestion between a predetermined set of price areas. Constraints internal to the price areas are resolved by counter ...