• Cartels uncovered 

      Hyytinen, Ari; Steen, Frode; Toivanen, Otto (Working paper, Working paper, 2011-03)
      How many cartels are there? The answer is important in assessing the need for competition policy. We present a Hidden Markov Model that answers the question, taking into account that often we do not know whether a cartel ...
    • Cartels uncovered 

      Steen, Frode; Toivanen, Otto; Hyytinen, Ari (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-03)
      How many cartels are there? The answer is important in assessing the efficiency of competition policy. We present a Hidden Markov Model that answers the question, taking into account that often we do not know whether a ...
    • Foreign aid and domestic politics : implications for aid selectivity 

      Hagen, Rune Jansen (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-06)
      The links between foreign aid and policies in developing countries have been at the forefront of the policy debate for decades. An emerging consensus touts aid selectivity as the solution to the failures of conditionality. ...
    • Optimal maintenance scheduling of local public purpose buildings 

      Hopland, Arnt O.; Kvamsdal, Sturla Furunes (Discussion paper;36/14, Working paper, 2014-11)
      We formulate the maintenance scheduling decision as a dynamic optimization problem, subject to an accelerating decay. This approach offers a formal, yet intuitive, weighting of the trade-offs involved when deciding a ...