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Crowdfunding as a tool for startups to raise capital : why and how to use it

Andersen, Lasse Magnus Klæbo; Mauritzen, Lars Joakim
Master thesis
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2382919
Date
2016-03-30
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  • Master Thesis [4207]
Abstract
This thesis aims to educate the reader on the different characteristics of crowdfunding, such

that entrepreneurs who are considering how to raise funds for their new project can make

more informed decisions. The thesis does this by extensively reviewing existing literature,

both on crowdfunding and on related financing methods. The authors also examine the

leading European crowdfunding markets in terms of performance, the crowdfunding

platforms that operate and legal characteristics in the crowdfunding environment.

Crowdfunding involves an entrepreneur creating an Internet campaign, with the aim to raise

small amounts of money from a large amount of people – the crowd. The main focus of this

thesis is on reward and equity crowdfunding, as these models are found most suited for

startups with limited credit and performance history. Reward crowdfunding is essentially a

pre-purchasing model, where future customers are invited to pre-purchase a product before

production has begun. Equity crowdfunding is the offering of private companies’ equity to

the general public. The thesis also examines the possibilities that Norwegian entrepreneurs

have in regard to crowdfunding. For the time being, the reward model seems to be more

feasible for Norwegian entrepreneurs, seeing that cross-border transactions are better

facilitated for this model, while the equity model faces more challenges. Two case studies of

successfully crowdfunded businesses are presented, one by reward crowdfunding and one

by equity crowdfunding, in order to illustrate practical aspects of crowdfunding campaigns.

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