Women’s choices of STEM degrees and careers : a comparison of Norway and UK

Abstract

The aim of this thesis is to answer the two research questions whether more women in Norway choose STEM degrees and careers than in the UK, and why do we observe gender differences in the choices of STEM degrees and careers. The first research question is answered through a statistical presentation of secondary data obtained from SSB, HESA and ONS. I found that more women in Norway do choose STEM degrees and careers than in the UK, but for certain fields the female ratio is higher in the UK. The second research question is answered through a literature review on existing research. Gender differences in STEM degrees may be due to gendered stereotypes, a skewed opinion of girl’s abilities to learn math and STEM-subjects, different preferences and lack of good role models. Observed gender differences in STEM degrees may be explained through a leaking pipeline caused by chilly work climate and women deterring entry to STEMoccupations for other women, and the toll of family responsibilities in a demanding work climate. The thesis concludes with recommendations based on the findings and suggestions for further research.