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Electricity in Senegal: en analysis into potential strategies to increase electrification rates

Rauseo, Alexandra
Master thesis
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mastertheisis.pdf (3.719Mb)
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http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2612158
Utgivelsesdato
2019
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  • Master Thesis [3749]
Sammendrag
Senegal is a West African country dependent on imported fossil fuels for power generation.

The population of Senegal is 15.85 million, with the urban and rural electrification rates at

87.7 and 38.3, respectively. Over half of the population lives in rural areas with limited to no

access to electricity. Across the country the demand for electricity is increasing at a rate of 6.2

percent per year indicating a need to increase energy production and rural electrification rates.

The objective of this paper was to analyze the potential renewable energy sources and

determine the best method for increasing electrification in Senegal. These energy sources

include solar, wind, biomass and hydro power. The physical and economic potential for each

source was calculated to evaluate its potential in Senegal. The levelized cost of electricity was

determined for these sources and used to compare them to each other and with historic values

for natural gas, coal, and diesel. Additionally, the benefits and challenges for each source were

discussed and potential strategies for increasing the electrification rates in Senegal were

evaluated using an evaluation matrix.

The results in this paper were used to identify methods to reduce dependence on imported

fossil fuels and increase electrification rates, especially in rural areas in Senegal. The current

dependence on imported fossil fuels subjects Senegal to unstable market conditions and

negative environmental effects, thus the focus of this paper was on renewable energy sources.

From the analysis completed in this paper, it was identified that Senegal could diversify its

energy portfolio through a mix of solar, wind, biomass, and hydro power investments. Solar

power was identified as the best method to increase electrification rates in rural locations

without access to the grid. Wind, biomass, and hydro power were determined to have

significant potential in Senegal but would require access to the national grid or an isolated

system to distribute power. The levelized cost of electricity for the renewable energy sources

analyzed were within the historic range of levelized costs for fossil fuels.

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