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dc.contributor.authorLebert, Sebastian
dc.contributor.authorMohrmann, Ulf
dc.contributor.authorStefani, Ulrike
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-29T10:40:14Z
dc.date.available2020-12-29T10:40:14Z
dc.date.created2020-10-19T15:24:27Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Business Finance & Accounting. 2020, .en_US
dc.identifier.issn0306-686X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2721051
dc.description.abstractWe use Benford's Law to provide evidence that German firms round up both their net income and earnings per share. We use the introduction of the euro to show that round earnings numbers are likely the result of earnings management. The incentive to round up comes from stakeholders’ left‐digit bias when processing the information in financial statements. Since round numbers are natural benchmarks, stakeholders perceive the performance metrics directly below such thresholds as abnormally lower. However, rounding up is objectionable only if it involves large‐scale earnings management, but not in cases of negligible ‘earnings cosmetics’. Because the difference between the pre‐managed and reported earnings is unobservable, we investigate whether the prevalence of rounding up coincides with specific levels of several earnings characteristics and proxies for audit quality. If the rounding up is cosmetic, then it should occur independently of these characteristics. In contrast, if firms use earnings management on a larger scale, then it might not be possible to simultaneously round up and achieve other objectives of earnings management. Our evidence is in line with substantial earnings management.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no*
dc.subjectaudit qualityen_US
dc.subjectcognitive thresholdsen_US
dc.subjectBenford’s Lawen_US
dc.subjectearnings characteristicsen_US
dc.subjectearnings managementen_US
dc.subjectleft-digit biasen_US
dc.subjectrounding upen_US
dc.titleRounding up performance measures in German firms: Earnings cosmetics or earnings management on a larger scale?en_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.source.pagenumber23en_US
dc.source.journalJournal of Business Finance & Accountingen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/jbfa.12494
dc.identifier.cristin1840603
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal
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