Blar i Discussion papers (SAM) på forfatter "Sandmo, Agnar"

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    • A Fundamental Externality in the Labour Market? Ragnar Frisch on the socially optimal amount of work. 

      Sandmo, Agnar (DP SAM;2/2018, Working paper, 2018-01)
      In the late 1940s, Ragnar Frisch published two articles in Norwegian that constitute a pioneering attempt to apply welfare economics to a problem of economic policy. The main contention of the articles is that there exists ...

    • Adam Smith and modern economics 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper;13/2014, Working paper, 2014-04)
      In his Wealth of Nations (1776) Adam Smith created an agenda for the study of the economy that is reflected in the structure of modern economics. This paper describes Smith’s contributions to four central areas of economic ...

    • Atmospheric externalities and environmental taxation 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-09)
      The paper reviews the theory of environmental taxation under first best and second best conditions. It argues that negative environmental externalities lead to reductions of the provision of public goods, while investment ...

    • Bridging the tax-expenditure gap : green taxes and the marginal cost of funds 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-02)
      The marginal cost of public funds is usually seen as a number greater than one, reflecting the efficiency cost of distortionary taxes. But economic intuition suggests that since green taxes are efficiency-enhancing the ...

    • Economics for peace : Léon Walras and the Nobel peace prize 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-02)
      This paper is an account of the history of the attempt by Léon Walras to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 1906. It describes Walras’ moves to get three of his Lausanne colleagues to nominate him for the Prize, the ...

    • Environmental taxation and revenue for development 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-10)
      This paper considers the role of global environmental taxes both as instruments for improving the global environment and as a source of revenue for funding economic development. It reviews the general case for environmental ...

    • Global public economics : public goods and externalities 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-10)
      This paper extends the normative analysis of public goods and externalities to an international setting. The first part considers the optimal allocation of a global public good. Whether global production efficiency is ...

    • Globalisation and the welfare state : more inequality – less redistribution? 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-02)
      This paper considers the possible connection between globalisation and inequality in Western welfare states. There are a number of theoretical reasons why increased trade and factor mobility should lead to more inequality ...

    • Inequality and redistribution : the need for new perspectives 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2005-02)
      Recent years have seen a marked increase in inequality in the OECD area, and since the early 1990s the trend has been unmistakable in Norway also. This paper offers a brief review of the main causes behind this development, ...

    • International aspects of public goods provision 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-02)
      This paper considers the extension of the theory of public consumption goods to an international context with public goods whose benefits are global. In one version of the model there are no restrictions on lump sum ...

    • Public goods and Pigouvian taxes 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-07)
      This paper consists of the text of two articles prepared for the second edition of the New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. The first article provides a mathematical and diagrammatic exposition of the theory of public ...

    • Public provision and private incentives 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-09)
      This paper surveys classical and modern arguments for public production and provision of goods. It reviews the conventional case for public production under conditions of increasing returns and discusses the modifications ...

    • The scale and scope of environmental taxation 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2009-10)
      This paper provides a discussion of the principles of environmental taxation. It considers the empirical identification of environmental taxes and the problems associated with the choice of the right tax base from the ...

    • Should the marginal tax rate be negative? Ragnar Frisch on the socially optimal amount of work. 

      Sandmo, Agnar (DP SAM;1/2017, Working paper, 2017-01-26)
      In the late 1940s, Ragnar Frisch published two articles in Norwegian that constitute a pioneering attempt to apply welfare economics to a problem of economic policy. The main contention of the articles is that there exists ...

    • Striking the balance : economics and the environment 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-10)
      The environment has many of the properties that economists associate with the concept of a public good. It has long been realized that, if left to itself, the market economy is likely to lead to an undersupply of public ...

    • Taxation and tournaments 

      Sandmo, Agnar; Persson, Mats (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-05)
      This paper analyzes the effects of progressive taxes on labour supply and income distribution in the context of the rank-order tournament model originally developed by Lazear and Rosen (1981). We show conditions under ...

    • The early history of environmental economics 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper;10/2014, Working paper, 2014-04)
      This paper considers economists’ treatment of problems related to the environment prior to the establishment of environmental economics as a separate field in the 1960s. In discussing the literature from the late 18th ...

    • The market in economics : behavioural assumptions and value judgments 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper;12/2014, Working paper, 2014-04)
      This paper tries to convey the essence of the economic theory of behaviour of individuals and firms to an audience of non-economists. The hypotheses of utility and profit maximization and their use as building blocks in ...

    • The principal problem in political economy : income distribution in the history of economic thought 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion Papers;15/2013, Working paper, 2013-09)
      The paper considers the history of theories of income distribution, from the time of Adam Smith until the 1970s. It is divided into two main parts. Part I considers the positive theory of income distribution, beginning ...

    • The Public Economics of Climate Change 

      Sandmo, Agnar (SAM;27/2015, Working paper, 2015-11-19)
      This paper considers the challenges to the field of public economics that arise from the issue of global warming. It outlines the argument for viewing the global climate as a public good and describes the problems that ...