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The family gap in career progression

Kunze, Astrid
Working paper
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/220831
Date
2014-08
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  • Discussion papers (SAM) [640]
Abstract
This study investigates whether and when during the life cycle women fall behind in terms of

career progression because of children. We use 1987-1997 Norwegian panel data that contain

information on individuals’ position in their career hierarchy as well as a direct measure of

their promotions. We measure overall promotions as increases in rank within the same

establishment as well as in combination with an establishment change. Women with children

are 1.6 percentage points less likely promoted than women without children; this is what we

refer to as the family gap in climbing the career. We find that mothers tend to enter on lower

ranks than non-mothers. 37 percent of the gap can be explained by rank fixed effects and

human capital characteristics. A large part remains unexplained. Graphical analyses show that

part of the difference already evolves during the early career. Part of this seems related to the

relatively low starting ranks.
Publisher
SAM
Series
Discussion paper;29/14

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