Blar i Discussion papers (SAM) på emneord "pharmaceuticals"

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    • Diffusion of pharmaceuticals : cross-country evidence of anti-TNF drugs 

      Brekke, Kurt Richard; Dalen, Dag Morten; Holmås, Tor Helge (Discussion paper;7/2013, Working paper, 2013-03)
      This paper studies the diffusion of biopharmaceuticals across European countries, focusing on anti-TNF drugs, which are used to treat autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatism, psoriasis). We use detailed sales information on ...

    • Does Reference Pricing Drive Out Generic Competition in Pharmaceutical Markets? Evidence from a Policy Reform 

      Brekke, Kurt R.; Canta, Chiara; Straume, Odd Rune (Discussion paper;11/15, Working paper, 2015-06)
      In this paper we study the impact of reference pricing (RP) on entry of generic firms in the pharmaceutical market. For given prices, RP increases generic firms' expected profit, but since RP also stimulates price ...

    • Margins and market shares : pharmacy incentives for generic substitution 

      Brekke, Kurt Richard; Straume, Odd Rune; Holmås, Tor Helge (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-07)
      We study the impact of product margins on pharmacies incentive to promote generics instead of brand-names. First, we construct a theoretical model where pharmacies can persuade patients with a brand-name prescription to ...

    • Pharmaceutical patents : incentives for R&D or marketing? 

      Brekke, Kurt Richard; Straume, Odd Rune (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2005-11)
      We analyse how a patent-holding pharmaceutical firm may strategically use advertising of existing drugs to affect R&D investments in new (differentiated) drugs, and thereby affect the probability distribution of future ...

    • Reference pricing of pharmaceuticals 

      Brekke, Kurt Richard; Königbauer, Ingrid; Straume, Odd Rune (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2005-11)
      We consider a therapeutic market with potentially three pharmaceutical firms. Two of the firms offer horizontally differentiated brand-name drugs. One of the brand-name drugs is a new treatment under patent protection ...

    • Reference pricing with endogenous generic entry 

      Brekke, Kurt R.; Canta, Chiara; Straume, Odd Rune (Discussion paper;04/15, Working paper, 2015-03)
      In this paper we study the effect of reference pricing on pharmaceutical prices and expenditures when generic entry is endogenously determined. We develop a Salop-type model where a brand-name producer competes with generic ...

    • Regulation and pricing of pharmaceuticals : reference pricing or price cap regulation? 

      Grasdal, Astrid Louise; Brekke, Kurt Richard; Holmås, Tor Helge (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-09)
      We study the relationship between regulatory regimes and pharmaceutical firms’ pricing strategies using a unique policy experiment from Norway, which in 2003 introduced a reference price (RP) system called “index pricing” ...

    • Regulation, generic competition and pharmaceutical prices : theory and evidence from a natural experiment 

      Brekke, Kurt Richard; Holmås, Tor Helge; Straume, Odd Rune (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-12)
      We study the impact of regulatory regimes on generic competition and pharmaceutical pricing using a unique policy experiment in Norway, where reference pricing (RP) replaced price cap regulation in 2003 for a sub-sample ...