Browsing Discussion papers (FOR) by Title
Now showing items 147-166 of 575
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Elements of economics of uncertainty and time with recursive utility
(Discussion paper;13/20, Working paper, 2020-10-30)We address how recursive utility affects important results in the theory of economics of uncertainty and time, as compared to the standard model, where the focus is on dynamic models in discrete time. Several puzzles ... -
Empirical evidence on the relationship between mobile termination rates and firms' profit
(Discussion paper;2012:10, Working paper, 2012-08)The comprehensive theoretical literature on mobile termination rates (MTRs) is inconclusive on how the level of MTRs affects overall consumer charges and firms’ profit. In a theoretical model, well suited for econometric ... -
An empirically based implementation and evaluation of a network model for commuting flows
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006)In this paper we present empirical results based on a network model for commuting flows. The model is a modified version of a construction introduced in Thorsen et al. (1999). Journeys-to-work are determined by distance ... -
Employment, transport infrastructure and rural depopulation: a new spatial equilibrium model
(Discussion paper;09/2013, Working paper, 2013-09)In this paper we propose a new spatial equilibrium model, and use it to discuss issues related to rural depopulation. The discussion focuses on how investments in transport infras- tructure and the spatial distribution ... -
Endogenous verifiability in relational contracting
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004-11)We analyze a repeated principal-agent trust game where the principal makes a specific investment by paying the agent up-front, expecting an agreed upon quality level in return. The verifiability of the agent’s action is ... -
Energy and Mineral Security in the European Union: Metal Requirements for Renewable and Nuclear Intensive Electricity Mixes
(Discussion paper;14/22, Working paper, 2022-12-28)In 2022, the EU finds itself in the midst of an energy crisis due to the outbreak of the war between Russia and Ukraine and has to accelerate its path to energy independence. Part of the EU’s strategy is to double down on ... -
Enforcement der Wirtschaftsprüfer : Vergleichende Analyse der Disziplinaraufsicht und der Qualitätskontrolle im deutschen und norwegischen Wirtschaftsprüfungswesen
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2004) -
Equilibrium in marine mutual insurance markets with convex operating costs
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-02)The paper analyzes the possibility of reaching an equilibrium in a market of marine mutual insurance syndicates, called Protection and Indemnity Clubs, or P&I Clubs for short, displaying economies of scale. Our analysis ... -
Equilibrium Selection in Hawk-Dove Games
(Discussion paper;12/22, Working paper, 2022-06-29)In Hawk-Dove games with mulitiplicity of equilibria, we study which equilibria are selected using various equilibrium selection methods. Using a uniform price auction as an illustrative example, we apply the tracing procedure ... -
Equilibrium, evolutionary stability and gradient dynamics
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002)Considered here are equilibria, notably those that solve noncooperative games. Focus is on connections between evolutionary stability, concavity and monotonicity. It is shown that evolutionary stable points are local ... -
The equity premium and the risk free rate in a production economy : a new perspective
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2011-02) -
Estimating the additionality of R&D subsidies using proposal evaluation data to control for research intentions
(Discussion paper;18/14, Working paper, 2014-04)Empirical examination of whether R&D subsidies crowd out private investments has been hampered by selection problems. A particular worry is that project quality and research intentions may be correlated with the likelihood ... -
Estimating the cost of future global energy supply
(Discussion paper;14/14, Working paper, 2014-03)This study produces an attempt to estimate the cost of future global energy supplies. The approach chosen to address this concern relies on a comparative static exercise of estimating the cost of three energy scenarios ... -
Estimating the parameters of stochastic differential equations using a criterion function based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 1998)Estimation of parameters in the drift and diffusion terms of stochastic differential equations involves simulation and generally requires substantial data sets. We examine a method that can be applied when available time ... -
Estimation of biological and economic parameters of a bioeconomic fisheries model using dynamical data assimilation
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-05)A new approach of model parameter estimation is used with simulated measurements to recover both biological and economic input parameters of a natural resource model. The procedure efficiently combines time series of ... -
European Grid Development Modeling and Analysis: Established Frameworks, Research Trends, and Future Opportunities
(Discussion paper;11/24, Working paper, 2024-10-31)This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent literature on European energy system modeling and analysis with special focus on grid development. Spanning the years from 2013 to 2023, we analyze 59 selected articles, ... -
European market integration for gas? : volume flexibility and political risk
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-05)Is the European gas market integrated? Are there substantial price differences between gas from different export countries? Time series of Norwegian, Dutch and Russian gas export prices to Germany in 1990-1998 are examined. ... -
European option pricing and hedging with both fixed and proportional transaction costs
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2002-12)In this paper we extend the utility based option pricing and hedging approach, pioneered by Hodges and Neuberger (1989) and further developed by Davis, Panas, and Zariphopoulou (1993), for the market where each transaction ... -
Evaluating Norway’s electric vehicle incentives
(Discussion paper;19/23, Working paper, 2023-11-08)We use product-level data from 2000 to 2021 to evaluate Norway’s incentives for consumers to choose electric vehicles. These include taxes on fossil fuels, EV exemption from car purchase taxes, and other incentives, like ... -
Evidence on competitive advantage and superior stock market performance
(Discussion paper, Working paper, 2009-10)This article analyzes the value-relevance of industry-based and resource-based competitive advantage in a large sample of firms listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. We measure competitive advantage by a single variable and ...