• Time Horizons and Emissions Trading 

      Heijmans, Roweno J.R.K.; Engström, Max (Discussion paper;2/24, Working paper, 2024-01-23)
      We study dynamic cap-and-trade schemes in which a policy of adjustable allowance supply determines the cap on emissions. Focusing on two common supply policies, price and quantity mechanisms, we investigate how the duration ...
    • Toeholds and fire-sales in bankruptcy auctions 

      Eckbo, B. Espen; Thorburn, Karin S. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-11)
      We study the role of distressed bank debt in affecting the outcome of Swedish bankruptcy auctions. The auction determines the going-concern premium, i.e., the premium over the piecemeal liquidation value to be paid for the ...
    • Tournament rewards and risk taking 

      Hvide, Hans K. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000-06)
      In a tournament, a principal sets a prize, and several agents then compete to attain the highest observed output, and win the prize. This paper departs from the existing literature on tournaments by assuming that agents ...
    • Tournaments with prize-setting agents 

      Eriksen, Kristoffer W.; Kvaløy, Ola; Olsen, Trond E. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2008-10)
      In many tournaments it is the contestants themselves who determine reward allocation. Labor-union members bargain over wage distribution, and many firms allow self-managed teams to freely determine internal resource ...
    • Trade and communication under subjective information 

      Stecher, Jack Douglas (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-01)
      This paper models an economy where agents perceive the choices they face subjectively, and have subjective interpretations of the terminology they use in a shared business language. Preferences are defined on what an agent ...
    • Trading for the future : signaling in permit markets 

      Harstad, Bård; Eskeland, Gunnar S. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-03)
    • Transfer pricing and debt shifting in multinationals 

      Schindler, Dirk; Schjelderup, Guttorm (Discussion papers;22/14, Working paper, 2014-05)
      There is a growing concern that governments lose substantial corporate tax revenue due to transfer pricing and debt shifting strategies. Existing literature studies debt shifting and transfer pricing separately. In ...
    • Transition to Marine Mining? 

      Bang, Rasmus Noss; Trellevik, Lars-Kristian Lunde (Discussion paper;9/22, Working paper, 2022-03-04)
      This study explores possible futures of the mining industry through numerical analysis of a conceptual mineral extraction problem with two resource stocks - terrestrial and marine. The model is inspired by the manganese ...
    • Tre grupper skatteytere i søkelyset: Har de ulike kjennetegn? 

      Andersson, Jonas; Lillestøl, Jostein (Discussion paper;5/17, Working paper, 2017-03-31)
      Denne rapporten analyserer data for tre grupper av skatteytere som har vært i skatteetatens søkelys: Skatteytere som etter skatteamnesti har meldt seg frivillig med opplysninger om tidligere uoppgitt skattbar inntekt eller ...
    • Treating missing values in INAR(1) models 

      Andersson, Jonas; Karlis, Dimitris (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2008-07)
      Time series models for count data have found increased interest in recent days. The existing literature refers to the case of data that have been fully observed. In the present paper, methods for estimating the parameters ...
    • The Triple Difference Estimator 

      Olden, Andreas; Møen, Jarle (Discussion paper;1/20, Working paper, 2020-04-22)
      Triple difference has become a widely used estimator in empirical work. A close reading of articles in top economics journals reveals that the use of the estimator to a large extent rests on intuition. The identifying ...
    • Two paradigms and Nobel prizes in economics : a contradiction or coexistence? 

      Levy, Haim; De Giorgi, Enrico; Hens, Thorsten (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-06)
      Markowitz and Sharpe won the Nobel Prize in Economics more than a decade ago for the development of Mean-Variance analysis and the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). In the year 2002, Kahneman won the Nobel Prize in ...
    • A two sample size estimator for large data sets 

      O’Connell, Martin; Smith, Howard; Thomassen, Øyvind (Discussion paper;1/23, Working paper, 2023-02-17)
      In GMM estimators moment conditions with additive error terms involve an observed component and a predicted component. If the predicted component is computationally costly to evaluate, it may not be feasible to estimate ...
    • Unraveling Coordination Problems 

      Heijmans, Roweno J.R.K. (Discussion paper;20/23, Working paper, 2023-11-09)
      The interplay between strategic beliefs and policy complicates policy design in coordination games. To untangle this relationship, we study policy design in the context of equilibrium selection. We characterize the unique ...
    • Using bank mergers and acquisitions to understand lending relationships 

      Hetland, Ove Rein; Mjøs, Aksel (Discussion paper;2011:13, Working paper, 2011-08)
      We study how firm-bank lending relationships affect firms' access to and terms of credit. We use bank mergers and acquisitions (M&As) as exogenous events that affect lending relationships. Bank M&As lead to organisational ...
    • Using lagrangean relaxation to minimize the (weighted) number of late jobs on a single machine 

      Dauzère-Pérès, Stéphane; Sevaux, Marc (Discussion paper, Working paper, 1999-06)
      This paper tackles the general single machine scheduling problem, where jobs have different release and due dates and the objective is to minimize the weighted number of late jobs. The notion of master sequence is first ...
    • Using machine learning to predict patent lawsuits 

      Juranek, Steffen; Otneim, Håkon (Discussion paper;6/21, Working paper, 2021-06-22)
      We use machine learning methods to predict which patents end up at court using the population of US patents granted between 2002 and 2005. We analyze the role of the different dimensions of an empirical analysis for the ...
    • Using option pricing theory to infer about equity premiums 

      Aase, Knut K. (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2005-11)
      In this paper we make use of option pricing theory to infer about historical equity premiums. This we do by comparing the prices of an American perpetual put option computed using two different models: The first is the ...
    • Valuation and risk management in the Norwegian electricity market 

      Bjerksund, Petter; Rasmussen, Heine; Stensland, Gunnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2000)
      The purpose of this paper is two-fold: Firstly, we analyze option value approximation of traded options in the presence of a volatility term structure. The options are identified as: "European" (written on the forward price ...
    • Valuation of irreversible investments : private information about the investment cost 

      Mæland, Jøril (Discussion paper, Working paper, 1999-11)
      This article examines dynamic investment decisions when there is an agency problem. A principal delegates the decision of an investment strategy of a project to an agent. The agent has private information about the investment ...