• Merger simulations with observed diversion ratios 

      Mathiesen, Lars; Nilsen, Øivind Anti; Sørgard, Lars (2010:46, Working paper, 2010-09)
      A common approach to merger simulations used in antitrust cases is to calibrate demand from market shares and a few additional parameters. When the products involved in the merger case are differentiated along several ...
    • National versus international mergers in unionised oligopoly 

      Lommerud, Kjell Erik; Straume, Odd Rune; Sørgard, Lars (Working paper, Working paper, 2003-06)
      We analyse how the presence of trade unions affects the pattern of mergers in an international oligopoly and the welfare implications thereof. We find that an international merger results in lower wages for all firms. A ...
    • News sources and media bias 

      Garcia-Pires, Armando J.; Kind, Hans Jarle; Sørgard, Lars (Working paper;21/12, Working paper, 2012-08)
      In this paper we investigate the relationship between news sources and media firms. Although empirically important, this channel for supply-driven media bias has not previously been analyzed in economics literature. We ...
    • Price coordination in two-sided markets : competition in the TV Industry 

      Kind, Hans Jarle; Nilssen, Tore; Sørgard, Lars (Working paper, Working paper, 2010-06)
      The TV industry is a two-sided market where both advertisers and viewers buy access to the programs offered by competing TV channels. Under the current market structure advertising prices are typically set by TV channels ...
    • Private label entry as a competitive force? : an analysis of price responses in the Norwegian food sector 

      Gabrielsen, Tommy Staahl; Steen, Frode; Sørgard, Lars (Working Paper, Working paper, 2001-12)
      According to existing theory, the introduction of a private label has an ambiguous effect on the prices of competing national brands. We undertake an empirical analysis of the effects of private label entry on national ...
    • Private labels, price rivalry, and public policy 

      Gabrielsen, Tommy Staahl; Sørgard, Lars (Working paper, Working paper, 2000-08)
      The article examines how the existence of a retailer owned brand, private label, affects the price setting of a national brand. We find that potential for a private label introduction may lead to price concessions from the ...
    • Strategic informative advertising in a TV-advertising duopoly 

      Nilssen, Tore; Sørgard, Lars (Working paper, Working paper, 2000-08)
      We consider a model of strategic informative advertising where the advertising is done on TV and where the TV channels' advertising prices are endogenously determined. We discuss how these prices, and the advertising firms' ...
    • Strategic regulation policy in the internet 

      Foros, Øystein; Kind, Hans Jarle; Sørgard, Lars (Working Paper, Working paper, 2004-07)
      Some countries are net importers while others are net exporters of global backbone access, content and other Internet services. At the same time, input components like local access are non-traded. This paper analyzes a ...
    • Temporary bottlenecks, hydropower and acquisitions in networks 

      Skaar, Jostein; Sørgard, Lars (Working paper, Working paper, 2003-01)
      The purpose of this article is to study the effects of an acquisition in an energy system dominated by hydropower and with temporary bottlenecks. We apply a model with four markets: two regions and two time periods. It is ...
    • Temporære flaskehalser og oppkjøp i norsk kraftforsyning 

      Skaar, Jostein; Sørgard, Lars (Arbeidsnotat, Working paper, 2002-06)
      I dette notatet drøfter vi hvordan et oppkjøp vil påvirke prissettingen i et vannkraftsystem der produsentene må fordele sin produksjon over to perioder og det forekommer temporære flaskehalser. Vi viser at i en slik ...
    • Temporære flaskehalser og oppkjøp i norsk kraftforsyning : et svar til von der Fehrs kommentarer 

      Skaar, Jostein; Sørgard, Lars (Arbeidsnotat, Working paper, 2002-06)
      I Skaar og Sørgard (2002) konkluderte vi med at den samfunnsøkonomiske lønnsomheten av et oppkjøp i et vannbasert kraftsystem er tvetydig i en situasjon med temporære flaskehalser og gitt total produksjon. von der Fehr ...
    • The TV industry : advertising and programming 

      Nilssen, Tore; Sørgard, Lars (Working Paper, Working paper, 2001-07)
      The key to an understanding of the TV industry is the market for TV advertising. We present a model of this market that also encompasses the product markets and the viewer market. Because viewers dislike commercials, there ...
    • Two-part pricing, consumer heterogeneity and cournot competition 

      Jensen, Sissel; Sørgard, Lars (Working paper, Working paper, 2005-04)
      We analyze two-part tariffs in an oligopoly, where each firm commits to a quantity and a fixed fee prior to the determination of unit prices. In the case of homogeneous consumers, Harrison and Kline (2001) showed that the ...
    • Unionized oligopoly, trade liberalization and location choice 

      Lommerud, Kjell Erik; Meland, Frode; Sørgard, Lars (Working Paper, Working paper, 2001-08)
      In a two-country reciprocal dumping model, with on country unionized, we analyze how wage setting and firm location are influenced by trade liberalization. We show that trade liberalization can induce a unionized firm to ...
    • Upstream merger in a successive oligopoly : who pays the price? 

      Nilsen, Øivind Anti; Sørgard, Lars; Ulsaker, Simen A. (Working paper;48/13, Working paper, 2013-12)
      This study develops and uses a successive oligopoly model, with an unobservable non-linear tariff between upstream and downstream firms, to analyze the possible anti-competitive effects of an upstream merger. We find that ...
    • Vil konkurranse undergrave stabiliteten i banksektoren? 

      Sørgard, Lars (Working paper;07/15, Working paper, 2015-07)
      I denne artikkelen drøftes den mulige konflikten mellom konkurranse og stabilitet i banksektoren, og drøftingen relateres til den pågående debatten i norsk banknæring. Det konkluderes med at det neppe er grunn til å ha en ...
    • Welfare effects of one-sided regulation when internationally traded complements are unregulated 

      Foros, Øystein; Kind, Hans Jarle; Sørgard, Lars (Working Paper, Working paper, 2005-10)
      We consider the effects of a one-sided price regulation of one of two complementary inputs. The provider of the regulated component is a domestic firm, while the provider of the other component is a foreign firm. This ...
    • Who are the advertisers? 

      Nilssen, Tore; Sørgard, Lars (Working Paper, Working paper, 2001-08)
      We seek to explain why TV advertising is dominated by a few product categories. We apply a model of the TV industry that encompasses both the product markets and the market for TV viewers to discuss who will advertise on ...