• Economic growth and purchasing power parities in the Nordic countries 1830-1910 

      Grytten, Ola Honningdal (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-07)
      The present paper examines new estimates of GDP for the five Nordic countries 1830-1910 in terms of economic growth and purchasing power parities. It concludes that significant economic growth took place during the period. ...
    • Economic integration and redistributive taxation 

      Haufler, Andreas; Klemm, Alexander; Schjelderup, Guttorm (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-04)
      We set up a simple political economy model where economic integration raises the profitability of multinational firms. In this setting redistributive taxation may rise following economic integration, if the effects of ...
    • Economics for peace : Léon Walras and the Nobel peace prize 

      Sandmo, Agnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2007-02)
      This paper is an account of the history of the attempt by Léon Walras to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 1906. It describes Walras’ moves to get three of his Lausanne colleagues to nominate him for the Prize, the ...
    • Economies of scale in European manufacturing revisited 

      Henriksen, Espen R.; Midelfart, Karen Helene; Steen, Frode (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2001-06)
      We test for internal and external economies of scale in European manufacturing employing a more disaggregated data set than what has been used in earlier analyses, and aim to separate externalities from common business ...
    • Education and family background : mechanisms and policies 

      Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar; Björklund, Anders (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-05)
      In every society for which we have data, people’s educational achievement is positively correlated with their parents’ education or with other indicators of their parents’ socioeconomic status. This topic is central in ...
    • Education and fertility : evidence from a natural experiment 

      Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar; Propper, Carol; Monstad, Karin (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2008-04)
      In many developed countries a decline in fertility has occurred. This development has been attributed to greater education of women. However, establishing a causal link is difficult as both fertility and education have ...
    • Education and mobility 

      Machin, Stephen J.; Pelkonen, Panu; Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2008-09)
      We show that the length of compulsory education has a causal impact on regional labour mobility. The analysis is based on a quasi-exogenous staged Norwegian school reform, and register data on the whole population. Based ...
    • Education Research and Administrative Data 

      Figlio, David; Karbownik, Krzysztof; Salvanes, Kjell G. (Discussion paper;24/15, Working paper, 2015-10)
      Thanks to extraordinary and exponential improvements in data storage and computing capacities, it is now possible to collect, manage, and analyze data in magnitudes and in manners that would have been inconceivable just ...
    • Educational attainment and family background 

      Aakvik, Arild; Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar; Vaage, Kjell (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2005-04)
      This paper analyses the effect of aspects of family background, such as family income and parental education, on the educational attainment of persons born from 1967 to 1972. Family income is measured at different periods ...
    • The effect of cross-border shopping on commodity tax revenue: Results from a natural experiment 

      Friberg, Richard; Halseth, Emil M. Strøm; Steen, Frode; Ulsaker, Simen A. (SAM DP;09/2022, Working paper, 2022-06-20)
      We use grocery data from Norway and COVID-19 border closings to gauge the effect of cross-border shopping on commodity tax revenue. Detailed store-category level data identify differential treatment effects that depend on ...
    • The Effect of Gender-Targeted Transfers: Experimental Evidence From India 

      Almås, Ingvild; Somville, Vincent; Vanderwalle, Lore (DP SAM;16/2020, Working paper, 2020-09)
      Women are the primary recipients of many welfare programs around the world. Despite frequent claims that targeting women induces beneficial consumption shifting and gender equality, the empirical evidence on the effect of ...
    • The Effect of Labor Market Competition on Firms, Workers, and Communities 

      Dodini, Samuel; Løken, Katrine; Willén, Alexander (SAM DP;17/2022, Working paper, 2022-11)
      This paper isolates the impact of labor market competition on firms, workers, and communities. A shock to labor mobility from Sweden to Norway caused a substantial increase in labor competition for Swedish firms on the ...
    • The Effect of Labor Market Shocks Across the Life Cycle 

      Salvanes, Kjell G.; Willage, Barton; Willén, Alexander (SAM DP;21/2021, Working paper, 2021-12)
      Adverse economic shocks occur frequently and may cause individuals to reevaluate key life decisions in ways that have lasting consequences for themselves and the broader economy. These life decisions are fundamentally tied ...
    • The effects of different strategic variables in non-cooperative fisheries games 

      Ekerhovd, Nils-Arne (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-10)
      In this paper we use stock size, harvest quantity and fishing effort, respectively, as strategic variables. We model a two agent (nations) non-cooperative fishery game, where the agents harvest a common fish stock. The ...
    • Efficiency losses in milk marketing boards : the importance of exports 

      Brunstad, Rolf Jens; Gaasland, Ivar; Vårdal, Erling (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2006-02)
      A milk marketing board (MMB) is a well known instrument for regulating the markets for dairy products. MMBs are based on price discrimination, and receipts from sales are pooled so that the farmers receive a single price ...
    • Efficiency, equality and reciprocity in social preferences : a comparison of students and representative population 

      Cappelen, Alexander W.; Tungodden, Bertil; Sørensen, Erik Ø.; Nygaard, Knut (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2010-11)
      The debate between Engelmann and Strobel (2004, 2006) and Fehr, Naef, and Schmidt (2006) highlights the important question of the extent to which lab experiments on student populations can serve to identify the motivational ...
    • Efficient (re-)scheduling : an auction approach 

      Strandenes, Siri Pettersen; Wolfstetter, Elmar (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-10)
      This paper considers one-sided scheduling problems, where a schedule of service is arranged at one location, without regard to other schedules. Typically, such scheduling problems are handled on a first-come-firstserve basis, ...
    • Electricity Prices, River Temperatures and Cooling Water Scarcity 

      McDermott, Grant; Nilsen, Øivind Anti (Discussion Papers;18/2011, Working paper, 2011-09)
      Thermal-based power stations rely on water for cooling purposes. These water sources may be subject to incidents of scarcity, environmental regulations and competing economic concerns. This paper analyses the effect of ...
    • Employment changes, the structure of adjustment costs, and plant size 

      Nilsen, Øivind Anti; Salvanes, Kjell Gunnar; Schiantarelli, Fabio (Discussion paper, Working paper, 2003-11)
      In this paper we analyze the pattern of employment adjustment using a rich panel of Norwegian plants. The data suggest that the frequency of episodes of zero net employment changes is inversely related to plant size. We ...
    • Employment Effects of Healthcare Policy: Evidence from the 2007 FDA Black Box Warning on Antidepressants 

      Bütikofer, Aline; Cronin, Cristopher; Skira, Meghan (DP SAM;01/2019, Working paper, 2019-01-04)
      Public policies aimed at improving health may have indirect effects on outcomes such as education and employment. We study the labor market effects of a 2007 regulatory action by the US Food and Drug Administration, in ...