Blar i Discussion papers (SAM) på emneord "VDP::Social science: 200::Economics: 210::Economics: 212"
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A behaviour-based approach to the estimation of poverty in India
(Discussion paper;2/2013, Working paper, 2013-01)Since the late 1970s, the price indices underlying the poverty lines in India have been updated using aggregate indices. Widespread criticism of these indices led to the adoption of a new o cial methodology in 2011 based ... -
A crisis not wasted : institutional and structural reforms behind Norway’s strong macroeconomic performance
(Discussion Papers;18/2013, Working paper, 2013-12)This paper draws the line between the Norwegian boom-bust cycle and crises in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the succeeding institutional and structural reforms and the strong macroeconomic performance and stability of ... -
A note on upward pricing pressure : the possibility of false positives
(Discussion paper;11/2012, Working paper, 2012-05)Farrell and Shapiro proposed a simple test of the possible upward pricing pressure (UPP) following a merger. They showed that the test may give false negatives, that is, indicate that a merger may not give an UPP, while ... -
After “Raising the Bar”: applied maximum likelihood estimation of families of models in spatial econometrics
(Discussion Papers;22/2011, Working paper, 2011-11)Elhorst (2010) shows how the recent publication of LeSage and Pace (2009) in his expression “raises the bar” for our fitting of spatial econometrics models. By extending the family of models that deserve attention, Elhorst ... -
Amateur or professional? : a new look at 19th century patentees in Norway
(Discussion paper;12/2012, Working paper, 2012-05)The paper analyses Norwegian 19th century patentees. A special focus is on the affiliation or relationship of the patentees to the manufacturing industries, business and the wider economy. A main question is whether the ... -
Anatomy of cartel contracts
(Discussion paper;25/2012, Working paper, 2012-12)We study cartel contracts using data on 18 contract clauses of 109 legal Finnish manufacturing cartels. One third of the clauses relate to raising profits; the others deal with instability through incentive compatibility, ... -
Can competition reduce quality?
(Discussion paper;9/2012, Working paper, 2012-03)We study the effect of competition on quality in markets such as health care, long-term care and education, when providers choose both prices and quality in a setting of spatial competition. We offer a novel mechanism ... -
Care or cash? : the effect of child care subsidies on student performance
(Discussion paper;13/2012, Working paper, 2012-05)Given the wide use of childcare subsidies across countries, it is surprising how little we know about the effect of these subsidies on children’s longer run outcomes. Using a sharp discontinuity in the price of childcare ... -
Corruption and competition for resources
(Discussion paper;18/2012, Working paper, 2012-09)An increasing share of world FDI is carried out by multinationals from developing countries. These investors may have objectives and constraints that differ from their developed country counterparts. In this paper we ... -
Crime and punishment : when tougher antitrust enforcement leads to higher overcharge
(Discussion paper;4/2013, Working paper, 2013-02)The economics of crime and punishment postulates that higher punishment leads to lower crime levels, or less severe crime. It is however hard to get empirical support for this intuitive relationship. This paper offers ... -
Cross-border mergers and domestic wages: integrating positive 'spillover' effects and negative 'bargaining' effects
(Discussion papers;10/2011, Working paper, 2011-06)The existing literature concerning the impact of cross-border merger activity on domestic wages can be split into two camps: 1) those focusing on positive ‘spillover’ effects; 2) those focusing on negative ‘bargaining’ ... -
Diffusion of pharmaceuticals : cross-country evidence of anti-TNF drugs
(Discussion paper;7/2013, Working paper, 2013-03)This paper studies the diffusion of biopharmaceuticals across European countries, focusing on anti-TNF drugs, which are used to treat autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatism, psoriasis). We use detailed sales information on ... -
Disadvantageous semicollusion : price competition in the Norwegian airline industry
(Discussion paper;27/2012, Working paper, 2012-12)Motivated by observations in the Norwegian airline industry in the late 90s, we develop a semicollusive model with collusion on gross prices and competition on contracts for large customers (corporate contracts). The ... -
Do non-enforceable contracts matter? Evidence from an international lab experiment
(Discussion paper;2/2012, Working paper, 2012-02)Many verifiable contracts are impossible or difficult to enforce. This applies to contracts among family and friends, contracts regulating market transactions, and sovereign debt contracts. Do such non-enforceable contracts ... -
Electricity Prices, River Temperatures and Cooling Water Scarcity
(Discussion Papers;18/2011, Working paper, 2011-09)Thermal-based power stations rely on water for cooling purposes. These water sources may be subject to incidents of scarcity, environmental regulations and competing economic concerns. This paper analyses the effect of ... -
Evaluating carbon capture and storage in a climate model with directed technical change
(Discussion Papers;14/2013, Working paper, 2013-08)Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered a critical technology needed to curb CO2 emissions and is envisioned by the International Energy Agency (IEA) as an integral part of least-cost greenhouse gas mitigation ... -
Explaining the gender wage gap : estimates from a dynamic model of job changes and hours changes
(Discussion paper;15/2012, Working paper, 2012-08)I address the causes of the gender wage gap with a new dynamic model of wage, hours, and job changes that permits me to decompose the gap into a portion due to gender differences in preferences for part-time work and in ... -
Face-saving or fair-minded : what motivates moral behavior?
(Discussion paper;5/2013, Working paper, 2013-02)We study the relative importance of intrinsic moral motivation and extrinsic social motivation in explaining behavior in the dictator game. We introduce a novel design that manipulates these two dimensions. The paper ... -
Fair tax evasion
(Discussion paper;11/2013, Working paper, 2013-04)In this paper we analyse how fairness considerations, in particular considerations of just income distribution, affect whether or not people find tax evasion justifiable and their willingness to evade taxes. Using data ... -
Fairness motivation in bargaining
(Discussion Papers;14/2011, Working paper, 2011-07)In this paper, we develop a model that captures the potential conflict between two individuals who follow different fairness principles in bargaining. This model is used to analyse the infl uence of fairness motivation on ...